An important part of the legacy of Giner’s modernisation proyect, carried out in conjunction with the Institución Libre de Enseñanza and its associated organisations, were the international links created by this project, which resurfaced in what Bergamín calls “España peregrina”, a phrase relating to those who fled the country from 1936 onwards.
The warm reception offered to the Spanish exiles all over Europe, and particularly in the Americas, from 1936 was often a direct consequence of the links which had been established in previous years. These relations meant that many intellectuals, artists, scientists and professionals found a place where they could continue developing their work, often with much success and international acclaim, in the educational and research centres of their host countries.